Antimicrobial activity of the edible mushroom Pleurotus eryngii(DC. ) Quél grown in liquid medium

Edible mushrooms have a number of medicinal properties and this study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Pleurotus eryngiiDPUA1816 in metabolic broths after being grown in submerged cultivation. Mycelial fragments of pure P. eryngiiculture was inoculated in sweet potato culture medium and incubated at 150 rpm for 15 days at 25°C. Pleurotuseryngiiwas also cultivated for 18 days under the same conditions, the mycelial biomass was separated by filtration for quantification. The supernatant was used in the diffusion test in agar and performed against Escherichia coliCCCD-E005, Staphylococcus aureus CCCD-S009, Pseudomonas aeruginosaCCCD-P004, Candida albicansCCCD-CC001, Candida parapsilosis CCCD-CC004 and Candida tropicalisCCCD-CC002. The samples showed no inhibitory activity against bacteria, however they showed some activity againstC. albicans(12.17 mm), C. parapsilosis(27.67 mm) and C. tropicalis(13.67 mm). After being cultivated for 18 days, P. eryngiiwas able to inhibit all yeasts after 12 days of culture, with an inhibition halo of 29.33 mm at 16 days against C. parapsilosis. This study demonstrates the antifungal potential filtered liquids from P.eryngiicultivated in purple-skinned sweet potato culture medium, which suggests the possibility of the use of this species by the pharmaceutical industry as a natural source of biological action.

Production of mycelial biomass by the Amazonian edible mushroom Pleurotus albidus

ABSTRACT Edible mushroom species are considered as an adequate source of food in a healthy diet due to high content of protein, fiber, vitamins, and a variety of minerals. The representatives of Pleurotus genus are characterized by distinct gastronomic, nutritional, and medicinal properties among the edible mushrooms commercialized worldwide. In the present study, the growth of mycelial biomass of Pleurotus albidus cultivated in submerged fermentation was evaluated. Saccharose, fructose, and maltose were the three main carbon sources for mycelial biomass formation with corresponding yields of 7.28 g L−1, 7.07 g L−1, and 6.99 g L−1. Inorganic nitrogen sources did not stimulate growth and the optimal yield was significantly higher with yeast extract (7.98 g L−1). The factorial design used to evaluate the influence of saccharose and yeast extract concentration, agitation speed, and initial pH indicated that all variables significantly influenced the production of biomass, especially the concentration of saccharose. The greater amount of saccharose resulted in the production of significantly more biomass. The highest mycelial biomass production (9.81 g L−1) was reached in the medium formulated with 30.0 g L−1 saccharose, 2.5 g L−1 yeast extract, pH 7.0, and a speed of agitation at 180 rpm. Furthermore, P. albidus manifested different aspects of morphology and physiology under the growth conditions employed. Media composition affected mycelial biomass production indicating that the diversification of carbon sources promoted its improvement and can be used as food or supplement.

Influencia del sustrato utilizado para el crecimiento de hongos comestibles sobre sus características nutraceúticas / The influence of the substrate used for growing edible fungi on their nutraceutic characteristics

Siendo Colombia un país en el cual hay un gran desarrollo de la actividad agraria, generadora de cantidades apreciables de desechos que dan lugar a un problema ambiental, el cultivo de los hongos presenta un potencial en aplicaciones biotecnológicas que derivan de la diversidad metabólica de los mismos. Dicho potencial está tanto en la producción de los hongos como alimentos con óptimas calidades nutricionales, como en la obtención a partir de las setas de productos bioactivos que permitirían en un futuro no muy lejano contribuir a la economía del país y a la descontaminación ambiental. Dentro del reino fungi, las especies de Pleurotus pueden crecer sobre una amplia variedad de sustratos y tienen especiales propiedades para degradar los componentes lignocelulósicos presentes en mayor proporción en los residuos de la agroindustria. El objetivo del presente estudio fue el de evaluar el efecto del sustrato sobre las propiedades nutricionales o nutriceúticas de hongos del género Pleurotus. Como resultado se determinó que efectivamente la composición de los hongos en cuanto al contenido de proteínas netas, fibra, humedad, cenizas, carbohidratos y grasas totales varía con el sustrato empleado, lo que incide directamente en las propiedades antes anotadas, si se tiene en cuenta que dentro de los componentes determinados se encuentran metabolitos como polisacáridos y esteroles con bioacciones previamente reportadas. De igual manera, se encontró que estas variaciones son diferentes dependiendo de la especie.

Being Colombia a country in which there is a great development of the generating agrarian activity of appreciable quantities of waste that they give place to an environmental problem, the cultivation of the mushrooms presents a potential in biotechnical applications that derive of the metabolic diversity of the same ones. This potential is in the production of the mushrooms like in foods with good nutritional qualities. For instance in the obtaining starting from the mushrooms of bioactive products that would not allow in a very distant future to contribute to the economy of the country and the environmental decontamination. Inside the fungi Kingdom, the Pleurotus species can grow about a wide substrate variety and they have special properties to degrade the lignocelulosic component present in bigger proportions in the residuals of the agroindustry. The objective of the present study was of evaluating the substrate effect on the nutritional and/or nutriceutical quality of mushrooms of the Pleurotus gender. As a result it was determined that indeed the composition of the mushrooms as for the content of net proteins, fiber, humidity, ashes, carbohydrates and total fats, varies with the substrate used, what impacts directly in their properties, taking into account that in certain components are metabolites such as polysaccharides and sterols with bioactions previously reported. Similarly it was found that these variations are different depending on the species.